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Past Simple Tense

• English

  Past Simple Tense in English:

  Past Simple Tense

  The tense for completed actions in the past - Learn how to talk about finished events and historical facts

  When Do We Use Past Simple?

  Completed Actions in the Past

  • I visited Paris last summer.
  • She finished her homework an hour ago.
  • They watched a movie yesterday.

  Sequences of Past Actions

  • I woke up, brushed my teeth, and went to work.
  • She opened the door, entered the room, and sat down.
  • We arrived at the airport, checked in, and boarded the plane.

  Past Habits or States

  • I played tennis when I was younger.
  • He lived in London for five years. (but doesn't live there now)
  • She always carried an umbrella when she lived in England.

  Historical Facts or Events

  • World War II ended in 1945.
  • Shakespeare wrote many famous plays.
  • The Titanic sank on its maiden voyage.

  How to Form Past Simple

  Subject	Affirmative (+)	Negative (-)	Questions (?)
  I/You/He/She/It/We/They	I worked	I did not work	Did I work?

  Regular vs. Irregular Verbs:

  Regular Verbs

  Add -ed to the base form:

  • work → worked
  • play → played
  • study → studied (y changes to i)

  Irregular Verbs

  Completely change form:

  • go → went
  • eat → ate
  • see → saw
  • buy → bought

  Note: The same form is used for all subjects (I, you, he, she, it, we, they)

  Signal Words

  Yesterday Last night/week/year Ago In 1990/2005 When Then At that time The day before yesterday In the past

  Examples:

  • I saw her yesterday.
  • They visited London last year.
  • She finished school three years ago.
  • World War II ended in 1945.

  Real-Life Examples

  Storytelling

  "Yesterday, I went to the park. I met my friend there and we played basketball for an hour. After that, we had lunch at a nearby café. It was a great day!"

  Historical Narrative

  "The ancient Egyptians built the pyramids thousands of years ago. They used advanced engineering techniques that still amaze scientists today. Many workers labored for years to complete these magnificent structures."

  Common Mistakes & Tips

  Mistake: "I didn't went to school yesterday." (incorrect negative form)

  Correct: "I didn't go to school yesterday." (use base verb after did/didn't)

  Mistake: "Did she called you?" (extra -ed in questions)

  Correct: "Did she call you?"

  Mistake: "I have seen him yesterday." (wrong tense)

  Correct: "I saw him yesterday." (use Past Simple with specific past time)

  Essential Tip:

  Use did/didn't + base verb for negatives and questions:

  • Negative: "She didn't eat breakfast."
  • Question: "Did you finish your work?"

  Quick Practice

  1. I __________ (go) to the cinema yesterday.

  went

  2. She __________ (not finish) her homework last night.

  didn't finish

  3. __________ they __________ (visit) Paris last summer?

  Did, visit

  4. We __________ (watch) a great movie two days ago.

  watched

  Past Simple vs. Present Perfect

  Past Simple	Present Perfect
  I visited Rome last year. (specific time)	I have visited Rome. (unspecified time)
  She lived in London for 5 years. (not living there now)	She has lived in London for 5 years. (still living there)
  We saw that movie yesterday.	We have seen that movie. (experience in life)
  He finished his work at 5 PM.	He has just finished his work. (recently completed)

  Time Expressions:

  • Past Simple: yesterday, last week, in 2010, ago, when I was young
  • Present Perfect: ever, never, just, already, yet, since, for, recently

  Common Irregular Verbs

  Base Form	Past Simple	Past Participle
  be	was/were	been
  begin	began	begun
  break	broke	broken
  bring	brought	brought
  buy	bought	bought
  come	came	come
  do	did	done
  drink	drank	drunk
  eat	ate	eaten
  go	went	gone

  Tip: Irregular verbs must be memorized as they don't follow standard patterns.

• Polish

  Czas Past Simple w języku angielskim:

  Czas Past Simple

  Czas ukończonych czynności w przeszłości - Naucz się mówić o zakończonych wydarzeniach i faktach historycznych

  Kiedy używamy czasu Past Simple?

  Zakończone czynności w przeszłości

  • I visited Paris last summer.
  • She finished her homework an hour ago.
  • They watched a movie yesterday.

  Sekwencje czynności w przeszłości

  • I woke up, brushed my teeth, and went to work.
  • She opened the door, entered the room, and sat down.
  • We arrived at the airport, checked in, and boarded the plane.

  Przeszłe nawyki lub stany

  • I played tennis when I was younger.
  • He lived in London for five years. (but doesn't live there now)
  • She always carried an umbrella when she lived in England.

  Fakty lub wydarzenia historyczne

  • World War II ended in 1945.
  • Shakespeare wrote many famous plays.
  • The Titanic sank on its maiden voyage.

  Jak tworzyć czas Past Simple

  Podmiot	Twierdzenie (+)	Przeczenie (-)	Pytania (?)
  I/You/He/She/It/We/They	I worked	I did not work	Did I work?

  Czasowniki regularne a nieregularne:

  Czasowniki regularne

  Dodajemy -ed do formy podstawowej:

  • work → worked
  • play → played
  • study → studied (y zmienia się na i)

  Czasowniki nieregularne

  Całkowicie zmieniają formę:

  • go → went
  • eat → ate
  • see → saw
  • buy → bought

  Uwaga: Ta sama forma jest używana dla wszystkich podmiotów (I, you, he, she, it, we, they)

  Słowa sygnalizujące

  Yesterday Last night/week/year Ago In 1990/2005 When Then At that time The day before yesterday In the past

  Przykłady:

  • I saw her yesterday.
  • They visited London last year.
  • She finished school three years ago.
  • World War II ended in 1945.

  Przykłady z życia wzięte

  Opowiadanie historii

  "Yesterday, I went to the park. I met my friend there and we played basketball for an hour. After that, we had lunch at a nearby café. It was a great day!"

  Opis historyczny

  "The ancient Egyptians built the pyramids thousands of years ago. They used advanced engineering techniques that still amaze scientists today. Many workers labored for years to complete these magnificent structures."

  Typowe błędy i wskazówki

  Błąd: "I didn't went to school yesterday." (niepoprawna forma przecząca)

  Poprawnie: "I didn't go to school yesterday." (użyj podstawowej formy czasownika po did/didn't)

  Błąd: "Did she called you?" (zbędne -ed w pytaniach)

  Poprawnie: "Did she call you?"

  Błąd: "I have seen him yesterday." (zły czas)

  Poprawnie: "I saw him yesterday." (używaj Past Simple z konkretnym czasem przeszłym)

  Podstawowa wskazówka:

  Używaj did/didn't + podstawowej formy czasownika w przeczeniach i pytaniach:

  • Przeczenie: "She didn't eat breakfast."
  • Pytanie: "Did you finish your work?"

  Szybkie ćwiczenia

  1. I __________ (go) to the cinema yesterday.

  went

  2. She __________ (not finish) her homework last night.

  didn't finish

  3. __________ they __________ (visit) Paris last summer?

  Did, visit

  4. We __________ (watch) a great movie two days ago.

  watched

  Past Simple a Present Perfect

  Past Simple	Present Perfect
  I visited Rome last year. (konkretny czas)	I have visited Rome. (nieokreślony czas)
  She lived in London for 5 years. (już tam nie mieszka)	She has lived in London for 5 years. (nadal tam mieszka)
  We saw that movie yesterday.	We have seen that movie. (doświadczenie życiowe)
  He finished his work at 5 PM.	He has just finished his work. (ostatnio ukończone)

  Wyrażenia czasowe:

  • Past Simple: yesterday, last week, in 2010, ago, when I was young
  • Present Perfect: ever, never, just, already, yet, since, for, recently

  Częste czasowniki nieregularne

  Base Form	Past Simple	Past Participle
  be	was/were	been
  begin	began	begun
  break	broke	broken
  bring	brought	brought
  buy	bought	bought
  come	came	come
  do	did	done
  drink	drank	drunk
  eat	ate	eaten
  go	went	gone

  Wskazówka: Czasowniki nieregularne należy zapamiętać, ponieważ nie mają regularnych końcówek.